TABLES OF CONTENT
TITLE PAGE
i CERTIFICATION
ii DEDICATION
iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
IV TABLES OF CONTENT
V ABSTRACT
VI CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
1.2 THE LIVER
1.2.1 CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
1.3.0 LIVER FUNCTION TEST
1.3.1 TOTAL CHOLESTEROL
1.3.6 FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
1.6.0 LIPID PEROXIDATION
1.8.2 BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF DENNETIA TRIPETALA
1.8.3 COMMERCIAL / ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF DENNETTIA TRIPETALA
1.8.4 PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF DENNETTIA TRIPETALA
1.8.4.1 PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DENNETTIA TRIPETALA
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.4.1 PREPARATION OF PLANT EXTRACTS
2.5.0 BIOCHEMICAL ESTIMATION
2.5.1 TOTAL CHOLESTEROL
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF D. tripetala ON CCl4 INDUCED TOXICITY
3.1 EFFECTOF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF D. tripetala ON CCl4 INDUCED TOXICITY
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
vii APPENDIX
ABSTRACT
The human body is exposed to various xenobiotic and toxins that generate free radicals that brings adverse effects on the innate system of an organism. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and acetaminophen is an example of xenobiotic that generate free radicals which are of negative effect at high concentration. Certain organs are exposed to free radicals e.g. kidney, liver the chief organ of metabolism and synthetic centre of proteins as albumin is exclusively synthesised in the liver. The kidney is also prone to effects of free radicals as it is responsible for the excretion of the detoxified product of liver metabolism. This research was aimed to investigate the effects of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Dennettia tripetala on cholesterol levels of rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride. The rats were divided into six (6) groups namely: Group A (normal control): Group B, C, D, E were given aqueous extract of Dennettia tripetala (250 mg/kg body weight, 500 mg/kg body weight, 1000 mg/kg body weight and 1000 mg/kg body weight respectively) for fourteen (14) days prior to carbon tetrachloride challenge. Rats in Group F were carbon tetrachloride –treated control rats. 3ml/kg of 1:1 carbon tetrachloride: olive oil preparation was administered orally following an overnight fast to animals in Group B, C, D, F on day fourteen (14) of the study. The results obtained revealed that carbon tetrachloride caused a slight decrease (p> 0.05) in cholesterol levels in the serum, liver and brain. There was no significant increase (p> 0.05) in cholesterol levels in the brain only following CCl4 administration. Treatment with aqueous extract of Dennettia tripetala with the aqueous extract of Dennettia tripetala provided a slight degree of protection from the CCl4 –induced aberrations
